The WACC of Carnival Corp (CCL) is 8.0%.
| Range | Selected | |
| Cost of equity | 8.20% - 11.50% | 9.85% |
| Tax rate | 0.20% - 0.30% | 0.25% |
| Cost of debt | 4.90% - 5.60% | 5.25% |
| WACC | 6.9% - 9.1% | 8.0% |
| Category | Low | High |
| Long-term bond rate | 3.9% | 4.4% |
| Equity market risk premium | 4.6% | 5.6% |
| Adjusted beta | 0.95 | 1.18 |
| Additional risk adjustments | 0.0% | 0.5% |
| Cost of equity | 8.20% | 11.50% |
| Tax rate | 0.20% | 0.30% |
| Debt/Equity ratio | 0.68 | 0.68 |
| Cost of debt | 4.90% | 5.60% |
| After-tax WACC | 6.9% | 9.1% |
| Selected WACC | 8.0% | |
The Cost of Equity reflects the return a company needs to deliver to shareholders to justify the risk of investing in its shares. It’s computed using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which blends the risk-free rate, the stock’s beta, and the market risk premium.
This method evaluates the stock’s risk compared to a safe investment and the market’s overall volatility.
Here’s how we figure out the cost of equity for Carnival:
cost_of_equity (9.85%) = risk_free_rate (4.15%) + equity_risk_premium (5.10%) * adjusted_beta (0.95) + risk_adjustments (0.25%)
We include the risk adjustments, which range from 0% to 1%, to keep our WACC conservatives, especially for companies traded in developing markets.