The WACC of Novartis AG (NOVN.SW) is 6.0%.
| Range | Selected | |
| Cost of equity | 5.10% - 7.50% | 6.30% |
| Tax rate | 10.10% - 13.80% | 11.95% |
| Cost of debt | 4.00% - 4.50% | 4.25% |
| WACC | 5.0% - 7.1% | 6.0% |
| Category | Low | High |
| Long-term bond rate | 1.0% | 1.5% |
| Equity market risk premium | 5.1% | 6.1% |
| Adjusted beta | 0.82 | 0.9 |
| Additional risk adjustments | 0.0% | 0.5% |
| Cost of equity | 5.10% | 7.50% |
| Tax rate | 10.10% | 13.80% |
| Debt/Equity ratio | 0.14 | 0.14 |
| Cost of debt | 4.00% | 4.50% |
| After-tax WACC | 5.0% | 7.1% |
| Selected WACC | 6.0% | |
The Cost of Equity reflects the return a company needs to deliver to shareholders to justify the risk of investing in its shares. It’s computed using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which blends the risk-free rate, the stock’s beta, and the market risk premium.
This method evaluates the stock’s risk compared to a safe investment and the market’s overall volatility.
Here’s how we figure out the cost of equity for NOVN.SW:
cost_of_equity (6.30%) = risk_free_rate (1.25%) + equity_risk_premium (5.60%) * adjusted_beta (0.82) + risk_adjustments (0.25%)
We include the risk adjustments, which range from 0% to 1%, to keep our WACC conservatives, especially for companies traded in developing markets.